Application of Polarization Modulation Infrared Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy in Electrochemistry

Abstract

Introduction 1. In situ infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy at the electrode|electrolyte interface 1.1. Introduction to IRRAS 1.2. Reflection of the IR light from mirror surfaces 1.3. Introduction to the stratified systems 1.4. PM IRRAS: background of the technique, measured spectrum, deconvolution, background subtraction 1.5. Qualitative and quantitative analysis 1.6. Requirements of in situ experiments: Experimental conditions which have to be taken into consideration 2. PM IRRAS for studies of redox-inactive molecular films adsorbed on electrode surfaces 2.1. Redox-inactive films on electrodes: importance of these studies: biomimetic applications (predominantly) 2.2. In situ PM IRRAS of models of cell membranes 2.3. Cell membranes: supported lipid bilayers (LB-LS, vesicles), tethered lipid bilayers, floating lipid bilayers, role of composition, lateral and transverse symmetry 2.4. Interaction of cell membranes with proteins: channel forming proteins, anchor protein, interacting with a polar head group protein 2.5. In situ PM IRRAS of protein films2.6. In situ PM IRRAS of DNA-films 2.7. Other redox-inactive films: n-octadecanol, pyridine 3. PM IRRAS for studies of redox-active molecular films adsorbed on electrode surfaces 3.1. Redox-active films on electrodes: applications (catalysis, redox-active thin organized films, redox-active thick films) 3.2. Use of in situ PM IRRAS for studies of electrocatalytic processes 3.3. In situ PM IRRAS studies of thin organized films of redox-active molecules: metalloorganic compounds3.4. In situ PM IRRAS studies of thick, redox-active molecular films: polymer films 3.5. Redox-active films on electrodes: applications (catalysis, redox-active thin organized films, redox-active thick films) 3.6. Use of in situ PM IRRAS for studies of electrocatalytic processes3.7. In situ PM IRRAS studies of thin organized films of redox-active molecules: metalloorganic compounds3.8. In situ PM IRRAS studies of thick, redox-active molecular films: polymer films