Abstract
Lodging in cereal crops can result in yield loss and harvesting difficulties for growers. Application of plant growth regulator (PGR) has been an indispensable management practice to reduce lodging problems that are often exacerbated during high wind growing conditions and/or high nitrogen (N)/water environments, but the data is limited in the Columbia Basin of Oregon. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of two PGR products (chlormequat chloride-CC, trinexapac-ethyl-TE) at different rates and application timings on two soft white winter wheat varieties (ORCH-102 and SY Ovation). Crop growth (stem height and thickness), yield-related (spike density as ears m−2, seeds per spike, grain weight) and quality parameters (test weight, protein) were measured for two cropping seasons from October 2017 to July 2019 following the application of the two PGR products at tillering (GS21-26), stem elongation (GS30-32), and/or flag leaf (GS37-39) stages under a high-N fertilizer scenario. In both growing seasons, no lodging problems were recorded for any treatments. The plant height was reduced after PGR application, but the impact on stem thickness was limited. PGR application slightly affected wheat yield, yield components, testing weight, and protein level in both growing seasons. Our results suggested that the effect of PGR application is relatively limited if no lodging problem occurred.
Highlights
Soft white winter wheat (SWWW) (Triticum aestivum L.) is among the most important grain crops in the Columbia Basin of Oregon, and its production viability depends greatly on the adoption of newly released high-yielding varieties
N0 treatment as compared to the rest treatments thatrather included a combination of N fertilizer and plant growth regulator (PGR) (p < 0.05) (Figure 1)
The application of PGRs was found to reduce the stem height of winter wheat, but their effects were minimal on stem thickness, grain yield, and protein in the absence of lodging conditions
Summary
Soft white winter wheat (SWWW) (Triticum aestivum L.) is among the most important grain crops in the Columbia Basin of Oregon, and its production viability depends greatly on the adoption of newly released high-yielding varieties. Sustainable wheat production depends on high-yielding varieties responsive to inputs and cost-effective management practices, including efficient use of irrigation water, fertilizers, and pesticides. The most yield-limiting nutrient for wheat is usually nitrogen (N) even though its optimum level of application is difficult to assess and depends on previous crop and soil type. The consideration of N mineralization plus accurate ammonium-N (NH4 + -N) and nitrate-N (NO3 − -N) in soil tests is important in order to predict the amounts of fertilizer applications in both non-tilled (NT) and conventionally tilled (CT) wheat cropping systems. Horneck et al [2] reported that the irrigated SWWW requires
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