Abstract
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is a highly important and attractive conducting polymer as well as commercially available in organic electronics, including electrochemical and electronic chemosensors, due to its unique features such as excellent solution-fabrication capability and miscibility, high and controllable conductivity, excellent chemical and electrochemical stability, good optical transparency and biocompatibility. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of the recent research progress of PEDOT:PSS and its composites, and the application in electrochemical and electronic sensors for detecting liquid-phase or gaseous chemical analytes, including inorganic or organic ions, pH, humidity, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), ammonia (NH3), CO, CO2, NO2, and organic solvent vapors like methanol, acetone, etc. We will discuss in detail the structural, architectural and morphological optimization of PEDOT:PSS and its composites with other additives, as well as the fabrication technology of diverse sensor systems in response to a wide range of analytes in varying environments. At the end of the review will be given a perspective summary covering both the key challenges and potential solutions in the future research of PEDOT:PSS-based chemosensors, especially those in a flexible or wearable format.
Highlights
It remains imperative to develop chemosensor techniques for environmental, health and safety monitoring [1,2]
The similar advantage of a large surface area of electrode for improving the sensor performance was evidenced in a sensor involving improving the sensor performance was evidenced in a sensor involving PEDOT:PSS
PEDOT:PSS can be blended with other functional materials such as carbon materials and metal oxide semiconductors through solution processing, and the composites obtained can be deposited on a substrate through the methods mentioned above to improve the performance of electronic chemosensors
Summary
It remains imperative to develop chemosensor techniques for environmental, health and safety monitoring [1,2]. We will focus on the recent research progress of PEDOT:PSS and its composites, and the application in electrochemical and electronic sensors for detecting liquid-phase or gaseous chemical analytes, including inorganic or organic ions, pH, humidity, hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), ammonia (NH3 ), CO, CO2 , NO2 , and organic solvent vapors like methanol, acetone, etc. It is expected that this review will provide a deep, comprehensive understanding of the structure, architecture and composite design rules, chemical stimuli response mechanisms, and sensing processes of PEDOT:PSS-based electrochemical/electronic chemosensors, and help extend the research of PEDOT:PSSbased composites into other emerging areas, especially flexible, stretchable, and wearable electronics, for which chemosensors play crucial roles in the development of multimodal sensors and related system integration
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