Application of passive green building energy-saving technology in rural construction

Abstract

Rural building energy consumption accounts for 27.8% of the total energy consumption, of which more than one third is used for heating and cooling of buildings. In western countries, low-energy buildings are very common, and efforts are being made to zero energy consumption housing (ZEB). Considering the characteristics of rural houses, there should be enough outdoor activity space. The residential design should fully strive for the possibility of natural ventilation, daylighting, sunshine, and natural energy collection, and reasonably determine the plot ratio, green space rate, spacing, sunshine time, and other indicators. As the number of building floors and building density of new rural houses is lower than those of cities and towns, the choice of main orientation has a greater impact on residential energy conservation. Combined with the climatic conditions, the building environment technology with local characteristics shall be used, and the local materials that are pollution-free, degradable, renewable, durable, and solid shall be used as far as possible to carry out harmless treatment of construction waste and reduce the emission of CO2 and other pollutants. On the premise of ensuring the comfort of new rural housing, the building shape coefficient should not exceed 0.30. At this stage, the most representative technical measures are fence structure energy-saving technology, that is, the wall adopts rock wool, glass wool, polyethylene plastic, and other college thermal insulation materials as well as composite walls to reduce the heat transfer coefficient of the outer wall. Measures such as increasing the number of window glass layers, pasting transparent polyester film on the window, and using low radiation glass can improve the thermal insulation performance of doors and windows. In addition to doors and windows, the roof can also adopt thermal insulation materials or overhead type, gravel insulation type and the inverted type, and other thermal insulation structures, so as to ensure the indoor temperature. There is also energy-saving control technology of energy system, that is, the control technology of heating and air-conditioning system is the key technology for energy-saving transformation of existing heating network system and building system. In the future, green and environment-friendly building materials should be widely used in ecological buildings, including mold proof and antibacterial composite interior wall coatings, small material adhesives, smoke exhaust, desulfurization gypsum, gypsum mineral powder composite cementitious materials, and high-performance waterborne decorative materials. For high-star green buildings, BIM, industrialization, sponge City, structural optimization intelligent control, and other new relevant technologies should be optimized to reduce incremental costs.