Abstract
The direct combustion of the biomass is the most advanced and mature technology in the field of energetic biomass utilisation. The legislations on the amount of emitted pollutants and the plant efficiency of biomass combustion systems are continually being restricted. Therefore constant improvement of the plant efficiency and emission reduction is required Numerical modelling is gaining increasing importance for the development of biomass combustion technologies. In this paper an overview about the numerical modelling efforts deal with the most relevant phenomena in biomass grate firing systems is given. The numerical modelling results in a deeper understanding of the underlying processes in biomass combustion plants. Therefore, it leads to a faster and safer procedure of development of a new technology.
Highlights
Biomass as a renewable energy source is widely applied for heat and power production and its importance will gradually increase in the decades, because of its sustainability which can be partly CO2 neutral and depletion of fossil fuels
In the fixed bed combustion system the biomass forms a pile on the grate and it burns where the primary combustion air is fed below the grate
The primary combustion chamber starts from top of the fuel bed until the secondary air nozzles
Summary
Biomass as a renewable energy source is widely applied for heat and power production and its importance will gradually increase in the decades, because of its sustainability which can be partly CO2 neutral and depletion of fossil fuels. The direct combustion of the biomass is the most advanced and mature technology of biomass thermal conversion It is, a complex process involving heat and mass transfers, fluid dynamics, homogeneous as well as heterogeneous reactions. In the fixed bed combustion system the biomass forms a pile on the grate and it burns where the primary combustion air is fed below the grate. To burn fuels with high moisture content (up to 60 wt%), The secondary air supply systems provide the most flexible different particle sizes (0.005 - >0.1 m), high ash content and way to retrofit the grate firing systems for a better burnout and blended fuels. In most of the industrial boilers multiple zones of primary air distribution under the grate are used to achieve a complete and stable combustion, a more favourable de-ashing temperature distribution and low dust emissions
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