Abstract
Bottom intakes are frequently used as diversion structures in mountainous regions, because of their simplicity and low costs in comparison with other methods of river diversion. In this study, Flow-3D software is utilized to simulate the flow passing through the racks. Verification tests are performed on the results of numerical method by using the experimental results of Righetti and Lanzoni (J. Hydraul. Eng. 134(1), 15–22, 2008). Also, calibration tests and mesh sensitivity are performed on the mathematical model. The diverted discharge in the numerical model is compared with the experimental data, and a good correlation (R 2 = 0.99) was obtained. Among the different existing turbulence models, the kɛ RNG model performed best. Afterward, the racks with eight different cross-sectional geometries are simulated by the numerical method. The diverted discharge, velocity and pressure distributions around the racks for each cross section are obtained and compared with each other. Results revealed that lozenge shape is the most effective geometry in flow diversion.
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