Abstract

非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)患者在接受标准治疗后仍有较高的复发、转移风险。免疫检查点抑制剂治疗在晚期肺癌患者中获得巨大进展,临床前研究及部分Ⅱ期临床研究为新辅助免疫治疗局部晚期NSCLC提供理论支持和临床证据。本篇综述阐述了免疫治疗的机制及新辅助治疗的理论优势,总结现已发表前期数据和中期分析的多篇临床研究,分析了新辅助免疫单药治疗对比免疫联合化疗的病理缓解率和安全性。NCT02259621、NEOSTAR、LCMC3及ChiCTR-OIC-17013726分别报告了新辅助应用纳武利尤单抗、阿替利珠单抗和信迪利单抗单药的有效性和安全性,同时NEOSTAR双药免疫组的数据显示双药免疫相较于单药可以获得更高的病理缓解率,双药免疫的高不良反应发生率也引起研究者的担忧。NCT02716038、SAKK 16/14和NADIM研究的数据提示新辅助免疫联合化疗的病理缓解率高于新辅助单药免疫抑制剂治疗,且不良反应可耐受。本文进一步阐述了化疗联合免疫抑制剂治疗的作用机制,并就新辅助免疫治疗后的疗效评估进行讨论。

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