Abstract
Application of MXene materials in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has attracted considerable attention owing to their supreme electrical conductivity, excellent carrier mobility, adjustable surface functional groups, excellent transparency and superior mechanical properties. This article reviews the progress made so far in using Ti3C2Tx MXene materials in the building blocks of perovskite solar cells such as electrodes, hole transport layer (HTL), electron transport layer (ETL) and perovskite photoactive layer. Moreover, we provide an outlook on the exciting opportunities this recently developed field offers, and the challenges faced in effectively incorporating MXene materials in the building blocks of PSCs for better operational stability and enhanced performance.
Highlights
The initial fabrication cost associated with Si solar cells is considerably high, shifting the research focus on more affordable alternatives such as dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), quantum dot solar cells (QDSCs), organic solar cells (OSCs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs)
This classification of PSCs is based on the charge transport layer (ETL/hole transport layer (HTL)) that is first encountered by the incident light
Did the addition of Ti3 C2 Tx MXene into PEDOT:PSS achieved better power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), it improved the long-term stability compared to Ti3 C2 Tx free based devices. These results prove the promising prospects of PEDOT:PSS/Ti3 C2 Tx composite films in highly efficient and stable photovoltaic devices, to the best of our knowledge, no such study has been undertaken for PSCs to explore the addition of MXene into HTL of PSCs
Summary
Sunlight is identified as the most abundant, low-cost and clean energy source for sustainably satisfying the energy requirements of society. The initial fabrication cost associated with Si solar cells is considerably high, shifting the research focus on more affordable alternatives such as dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), quantum dot solar cells (QDSCs), organic solar cells (OSCs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs) Among all these emerging PV technologies, PSCs are the most viable alternate offering a comparable PCE to the mature silicon solar cells. Their lower cost, adjustable bandgap, low-temperature solution processability, lower exciton binding energy, high light absorption coefficients, long charge carrier diffusion lengths, multiple options of performance enhancement and significantly simpler mass production techniques bring in added advantages that conventional Si based technologies lack [4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. MXene materials in PSCs for improved operational stability and enhanced performance is provided
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