Application of Molecular Biology Technologies in Environmental restoration

Abstract

With the development of molecular biology, various new technologies have been developed and applied to the monitoring and management of the ecological environment. This includes the biodiversity of the oceans, soils, and plant and microbial ecosystems. This paper introduces the types of molecular biology techniques and discusses their applications in bioremediation and monitoring of contaminated environments. Conventional techniques include genetic engineering, DNA sequence analysis, electrophoresis separation and purification, nucleic acid probe detection, and polymerase chain reaction. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) is a new electrophoresis technique. It is a gel system that separates DNA fragments according to their melting properties. Gene microarray technology (also known as gene chip) began to be widely used in the 1890s with biological monitoring technology. There are thousands of nucleic acid probes, which detect nucleic acids in living organisms using fluorescence or electricity, in gene microarray technology. These technologies can be used to regulate the diversity of microbial communities, solve the virus infection of plants, and explore the contaminant degradation genes and functional strains. The development and progress of modern molecular biology technology and biochemical technology have promoted the research and detection of ecological environments. These methods would become very effective tools for the study of environmental ecology.