Abstract
A solid-phase extraction procedure based on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-coated nano γ-alumina was used for the first time as an effective adsorbent for preconcentration of four phthalate esters in environmental water and soft drink samples for their subsequent determination by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. The system of anionic surfactant SDS with hemimicelles/admicelles formed on the oxide mineral surface was used. Properties of the nano γ-alumina were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy. Several predominant factors affecting the adsorption of phthalate esters were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, preconcentration of 500 mL of the sample solution permitted a preconcentration factor of 500 for all analytes. The linear response was achieved in the concentration range of 0.1–200 μg L−1. Limits of detection of the method obtained at a signal-to-noise ratio of three ranged between 0.042 and 0.060 μg L−1. The Langmuir adsorption capacity (qmax) was found to be in the range of 66.7–83.3 mg g−1 of the adsorbent. The method was successfully applied for the determination of phthalate esters in different samples with good recoveries ranging from 94.0 to 106.0% with relative standard deviation values below 6%.
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