Abstract
Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) have been widely used for microgrid control. Generally, BESS control systems are based on proportional-integral (PI) control techniques with the outer and inner control loops based on PI regulators. Recently, model predictive control (MPC) has attracted attention for application to future energy processing and control systems because it can easily deal with multivariable cases, system constraints, and nonlinearities. This study considers the application of MPC-based BESSs to microgrid control. Two types of MPC are presented in this study: MPC based on predictive power control (PPC) and MPC based on PI control in the outer and predictive current control (PCC) in the inner control loops. In particular, the effective application of MPC for microgrids with multiple BESSs should be considered because of the differences in their control performance. In this study, microgrids with two BESSs based on two MPC techniques are considered as an example. The control performance of the MPC used for the control microgrid is compared to that of the PI control. The proposed control strategy is investigated through simulations using MATLAB/Simulink software. The simulation results show that the response time, power and voltage ripples, and frequency spectrum could be improved significantly by using MPC.
Highlights
Microgrids are becoming popular in distribution systems because they can improve the power quality and reliability of power supplies and reduce the environmental impact
model predictive control (MPC) based on PI control in the outer control loop and predictive current control (PCC) in the inner control loop for Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) was presented in [28]
The control performance of the MPC technique based on PI control in the outer control loop and PCC control in the inner control loop is suitable for BESS2 owing to gradual fluctuations in wind power
Summary
Microgrids are becoming popular in distribution systems because they can improve the power quality and reliability of power supplies and reduce the environmental impact. ESSs can be used to control the power flow at point of common coupling in the grid-connected mode as well as to regulate the frequency and voltage of a microgrid in the islanded mode. Among these ESSs, BESSs have been implemented widely owing to their versatility, high energy density, and efficiency. An MPC technique based on PI and PPC requires more computation time than does one based on PI and PCC, owing to the predicting powers in the inner PPC control loop.
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