Abstract

AbstractThe examination of membrane processes started mostly as a search for effective product separation that is crucial to economical operation in process industries. Certain types of materials are inherently difficult to separate, and their processing has become of increased importance in recent years, especially due to the growth of the biotechnological industry (1) This new technology using synthetic membranes for process separations has developed rapidly. Industrial membrane processes are classified according to the size range of materials, which they are to separate, and the driving force used in separation. The most common pressure‐driven process is microfiltration (often denoted as MF) (2). This technique separates a size range of 10–0.1 µm; typical examples of materials separated are small particles, large colloids, and microbial cells.

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