Application of Low-Cost Sensors for Building Monitoring: A Systematic Literature Review

Behnam Mobaraki,Francisco Castilla Pascual,Rocio Soriano,Fidel Lozano-Galant

doi:10.3390/buildings11080336

Behnam Mobaraki, Francisco Castilla Pascual + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings11080336

Copy DOI

Journal: Buildings	Publication Date: Aug 4, 2021
Citations: 23	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of Castilla-La Mancha

Abstract

In recent years, many scholars have dedicated their research to the development of low-cost sensors for monitoring of various parameters. Despite their high number of applications, the state of the art related to low-cost sensors in building monitoring has not been addressed. To fill this gap, this article presents a systematic review, following well-established methodology, to analyze the state of the art in two aspects of structural and indoor parameters of buildings, in the SCOPUS database. This analysis allows to illustrate the potential uses of low-cost sensors in the building sector and addresses the scholars the preferred communication protocols and the most common microcontrollers for installation of low-cost monitoring systems. In addition, special attention is paid to describe different areas of the two mentioned fields of building monitoring and the most crucial parameters to be monitored in buildings. Finally, the deficiencies in line with limited number of studies carried out in various fields of building monitoring are overviewed and a series of parameters that ought to be studied in the future are proposed.

Highlights

Building monitoring has become a matter of concern for engineers and architects as structures and building envelopes should meet the safety, habitability, and sustainability requests during the service life [1,2]
Engineers decided to control performance of the buildings by monitoring two main parameters: (1) Structural parameters: in terms of structural system identification (SSI), some numerical approaches have been developed for inferring mechanical parameters of structures modeled with 1D elements [3,4,5], 2D elements [6], and 3D elements [7]
In terms of deriving parameters of structures modeled with 3D elements, various approaches have been presented in the literature [8,9]

Summary

Introduction

Building monitoring has become a matter of concern for engineers and architects as structures and building envelopes should meet the safety, habitability, and sustainability requests during the service life [1,2]. Lyapin et al introduced a methodology for monitoring buried structures of arbitrary cross-section, located in layered media, affected by different external dynamic loads [11] They developed and analytical approach for determination of resonance zones and dynamic response of structures. To avoid implementation of the destructive approaches to the buildings, several methodologies were developed for thermal parameter diagnosis of the buildings Functionality of these approaches is normally based on costly measurement of the ambient temperature, surface temperature, and heat flow rate through the object. Accurate estimation of these parameters requires multiple measurement points on the structures. Review of the current expensive methodologies for thermal monitoring of the buildings can be found in the article of Teni et al [19]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion