Application of lime mortar in ancient architecture

Abstract

Lime mortar is composed of water, lime, and an aggregate mainly consisting of sand. The Egyptians invented lime mortars. After the advent of Portland cement in the nineteenth century, lime mortar was progressively phased out of the new building. It was mainly owing to the simplicity with which Portland cement can be applied, the fast-setting period, and the high compressive strength of the material. However, Lime mortar is more malleable, less brittle, softer, and breathable than Portland cement mortar. Lime mortar is easily worked without causing damage to the bricks or stones. Portland mortar is so hard that replacing it without shattering or defacing the bricks or stones is extremely difficult, even if it is severely degraded. The article’s primary objective is to raise awareness and encourage lime mortar in the building industry by examining how it was utilized in ancient structures. The article contains valuable data about physical and chemical properties. Additionally, it examines the use of lime mortar in historic structures and its conservation strategies.