Application of klassen typology in the pattern of environmental carrying capacity and its role in regional economic development

Abstract

Each region in Indonesia has unique characteristics, resource availability, and resource resilience. In this aspect, resilience refers to a system’s capacity to absorb disruptions without losing stability. Environmental carrying capacity demonstrates the necessity of environmental resilience for economic activity. The objective of the study was to determine how the environmental carrying capacity would be spread across Indonesia between 2013 and 2019. The Klassen typology analysis approach takes into account the endogenous characteristics through the environment’s ability to promote regional economic growth. The findings indicate that just 26% of provinces have the environmental carrying capacity to operate efficiently. It was apparent from the high per capita income growth rate and good environmental capacity. Many provinces have not managed their economic affairs in a way that has improved the well-being of the people. Policy priorities can be modified to align their designation with the relevant area classification. Moreover, good coordination and collaboration are required to preserve and enhance the environment, particularly between provincial and municipal governments.