Abstract
The increasing use of triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) indicates that its position on the seed market is constantly strengthening; therefore, the research on its genetic variability is necessary to improve breeding process of new cultivars. The aim of the study was to assess the possibility of using the ITAP-PCR technique to analyse the genetic similarity of nine cultivars of winter triticale cultivated in Poland. Primers designed on the basis of 6 DNA transposon sequences commonly found in cereal plant genomes were used for the study. The average polymorphism rate in the genotypes used in the study was determined as 95.24%; in total, 75 bands were obtained, of which 73 were polymorphic. The PIC value ranged between 0.27 and 0.44, and was highest for the Hamlet primer. The lowest PIC value was observed for the Mutator primer. The average DI value was 0.34, MI - 4.08, AEI - 12.17 and IPI - 4.40. SI ranged from 36.7% to 1.7%. A dendrogram was created according to the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA), which in terms of genetic similarity divided the analysed winter triticale cultivars into two main similarity groups.We confirmed that ITAP technique of transposon-based marker is efficient and fast method to detect genetic variability between different winter triticale cultivars. In addition, the presence of analyzed transposon families in hexaploid triticale has not been studied earlier.
Highlights
Triticale is a species, especially important from the point of view of breeders
It seems important to analyse the genetic links between constantly cultivated triticale cultivars, so that they can become a source of genes for new cultivars
Primers which showed polymorphism between triticale cultivars were chosen for further analysis, i.e. designed for TIR sequences of Caspar (HE774675.1), Jude (HE774675.1), Mutator (JF701619.1), Revolver (AB646254.1), Sherlock (HE774675.1) (Szućko and Rogalska, 2015) and Hamlet (HE774675.1) transposons
Summary
Especially important from the point of view of breeders. Triticale (× Triticosecale Witt.) is an allopolyploid organism derived from chromosome doubling of hybrids between two genera: Triticum and Secale. Triticosecale does not have significant soil requirements, the grain contains high protein content, and above all, it is a species resistant to diverse environmental conditions and the continuous emergence of fungal pathogens, such as powdery mildew and septoria leaf blotch (Alheit et al, 2011; Kramek and Kociuba, 2014). This cereal is currently used for animal food and biofuel production; it is relevant for erosion control and as a cover crop (Machczyńska et al, 2015; Ramirez-Garcia et al, 2015). Earlier literature reports indicate that morphological markers were used to estimate
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