Abstract
The novel iron-oxide nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized with triethanolammonium oleate were produced. The specimens were divided into two groups: the top NPs (extracted from the supernatant) and the bottom NPs (nanoparticles sedimented at the bottom of the flask during centrifugation), respectively. The XRD and Mössbauer studies revealed a presence of the Fe3O4 phase in both types of nanoparticles. Furthermore, the formation of maghemite layer on the surface of nanoparticles was observed. Average particle sizes determined from TEM and XRD studies were lower than the superparamagnetic limit for the magnetite NPs. For glycerol dispersions of both types of NPs, when exposed to 100 kHz external magnetic field, a significant heat release was observed. Furthermore, the contrasts of T1- and T2-weighted MR images were significantly dependent on the concentration of NPs in their water solutions. Additionally, the reductions of the relaxation times were different for the top and the bottom NPs. The viability studies of the colon cancer cells have shown low cytotoxicity of both types of NPs due to their coating with triethanolammonium oleate, which confirm the possibility to apply the NPs for MRI-guided hyperthermia. Moreover, the presence of NPs did not cause greatest increase of the number of apoptotic cells in the human dermal fibroblasts’ culture and has stimulated proliferation of those cells, revealing great potential of the NPs in regenerative medicine.Graphical abstract
Highlights
The unique properties of nanomaterials are currently utilized in the nanomedicine aiming to increase the sensitivity and accuracy of diagnostic methods, as well as to create new generations of pharmacological agents used in targeted therapies
The superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and ultra-small (5–10 nm) superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIONs) have been used for labeling of both the mesenchymal and neuronal stem cells isolating them from the cell suspension [1], as well as for their visualization and monitoring with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
One can notice for dispersion of the top NPs that the time required to reach 45 °C was * 800 s for the highest external magnetic field (4kA/m)
Summary
The unique properties of nanomaterials are currently utilized in the nanomedicine aiming to increase the sensitivity and accuracy of diagnostic methods, as well as to create new generations of pharmacological agents used in targeted therapies. Average particle sizes determined from TEM and XRD studies were lower than the superparamagnetic limit for the magnetite NPs. For glycerol dispersions of both types of NPs, when exposed to 100 kHz external magnetic field, a significant heat release was observed.
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