Abstract
Establishing a comprehensive management framework to manage the risk from natural hazards is challenging because of the extensive affected areas, uncertainty in predictions of natural disasters, and the involvement of various stakeholders. Applying risk management practices proven in the industrial sector can assist systematic hazard identification and quantitative risk assessment for natural hazards, thereby promoting interactive risk communication to the public. The objective of this study is to introduce methods of studying risk commonly used in the process industry, and to suggest how such methods can be applied to manage natural disasters. In particular, the application of Hazard and Operability (HAZOP), Safety Integrated Level (SIL), and Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA) was investigated, as these methods are used to conduct key studies in industry. We present case studies of the application of HAZOP to identify climate-related natural hazards, and of SIL and QRA studies that were performed to provide quantitative risk indices for landslide risk management. The analyses presented in this study can provide a useful framework for improving the risk management of natural hazards through establishing a more systematic context and facilitating risk communication.
Highlights
In recent years, climate change has led to increased damage and loss caused by natural hazards [1]
The Hazard and Operability (HAZOP), Safety Integrated Level (SIL), and Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA) methods are used to conduct key studies in the process industry, and they can be organically connected to form a comprehensive risk management framework extending from risk identification to risk evaluation
HAZOP provides numerical estimates of the frequency of causes and the amount of losses, and it enables a determination of the acceptability of risk through a comparison with risk tolerance criteria
Summary
Climate change has led to increased damage and loss caused by natural hazards [1]. Efforts have been made to improve risk management for natural hazards through new IT solutions and geo-information platforms [2,3]; such platforms may contain fragmented information and sometimes fail to facilitate communication between decision-makers and the public. The Hazard and Operability (HAZOP), Safety Integrated Level (SIL), and Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA) methods are used to conduct key studies in the process industry, and they can be organically connected to form a comprehensive risk management framework extending from risk identification to risk evaluation. Spatial criteria can be determined to avoid exposing people and properties to a higher than tolerable risk level during site planning These risk studies can construct a risk management cycle more systematically, moving from risk identification, risk analysis, risk evaluation, and risk treatment to risk acceptance, which is introduced in ISO 31000 [13]. The analysis presented in this study may help improve the risk management of natural hazards through establishing a more systematic context and facilitating risk communication
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