Abstract
Anthropogenic activities such a clearing tropical forests, adapting subsistence in agriculture, escalating farmland production or growing urban areas and infrastructure change worlds landscape in ubiquitous ways. For the purpose of obtaining fresh water for irrigation, industry and domestic consumption, human activities have changed the natural hydrological cycle. Fertilizers and chemicals directly entering the environment, putting effect on water quality and ecological units. Worldwide water withdrawal is nearly 3900 km3 year−1. Agriculture contributes 85 % of world wide consumption decreasing water table in various regions causing water balance fluctuation. Upper Mississippi River (UMR) basin and river basin in Lowa suggest ancient LULC changes compressed basin scale water balance. Cumulative stream flow trends found better than cumulative precipitation alone. Disturbance in water balance causes the transfer of pollutants to streams and finally to Gulf of Mexico. Influence of land use changes on storm runoff comprised three parts (i) generation of spatially explicit land use scenario (ii) generation of spatially distributed and process based runoff hydrological models (iii) interpretation, demonstration and dissemination of results.
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