Application of High Hydrostatic Pressure and Enzymatic Hydrolysis for the Extraction of Ginsenosides from Fresh Ginseng Root (Panax ginseng C.A. Myer)

Abstract

The effect of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) processing combined with enzymatic hydrolysis for the extraction of ginsenosides from fresh ginseng roots (Panax ginseng C.A. Myer) was evaluated. Fresh ginseng roots were subjected to cellulase and β-amylase hydrolysis for 12 h with HHP (100 MPa) at 50 °C. The use of high hydrostatic pressure and enzymatic hydrolysis (HHP-EH) increased the yield of total saponins, panaxadiols, and metabolites from fresh ginseng roots. The yield of total saponin was 40.2 mg/ml from the HHP-EH with cellulase treatment, significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the yield from the HHP-EH with β-amylase treatment (36.1 mg/ml). The amounts of Rg1 + Rb1, panaxadiols, panaxatriols, and metabolites obtained from the HHP-EH with cellulase treatment were 5.56, 12.05, 9.78, and 1.88 mg/ml, respectively. These values were significantly higher compared to those obtained from heat extraction and HHP-EH with β-amylase treatment. In addition to ginsenosides, studies on the extraction of other active ingredients by HHP-EH processing are warranted.