Abstract
Phenytoin (5,5'-dipenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione) is the prime example of anticonvulsant agent. According to reported procedure, it is synthesized by condensation of benzil and urea in presence of base (30% w/v NaOH) using ethanol as solvent which itself acts as CNS stimulant. Removal of solvent after synthesis is most difficult and non-assured process. In case of phenytoin transformation in polymorphism plays an important role when solvent other than water is used. About 30% extra cost is calculated if solvent other than water is used. Therefore by application of green chemistry principle phenytoin was synthesized by condensation of benzil and urea in presence of base (30% NaOH) and water as green solvent. This compound was characterized on the basis of its spectral (IR,1H NMR) data and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity using MES induced and PTZ induced seizure models in Swiss albino mice. Significant anticonvulsant activity was found by using 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg of phenytoin compared with standard phenytoin at 25 mg/kg dose.
Highlights
Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and process that eliminates the use and generation of hazardous substances[1]
According to reported procedure, it is synthesized by condensation of benzil and urea in presence of base (30% w/v NaOH) using ethanol as solvent which itself acts as CNS stimulant[6]
In present work, Phenytoin was synthesized by condensation of benzil and urea in presence of base
Summary
Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and process that eliminates the use and generation of hazardous substances[1]. Like water, synthesis of biologically active moiety with high percentage yield as well as purity is the one of objective of green chemistry. Synthesis of CNS acting moiety with at par purity could be achieved by omitting interfering solvents. According to reported procedure, it is synthesized by condensation of benzil and urea in presence of base (30% w/v NaOH) using ethanol as solvent which itself acts as CNS stimulant[6]. In present work, Phenytoin was synthesized by condensation of benzil and urea in presence of base (30% NaOH) and water, a green solvent and anticonvulsant activity was performed by MES and PTZ induced seizure models. The physical and spectral data matched with that of standard given in Table 1, 2 and 3 respectively
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