Abstract
Graphene with fascinating properties has been deemed as an excellent reinforcement for cementitious composites, enabling construction materials to be smarter, stronger, and more durable. However, some challenges such as dispersion issues and high costs, hinder the direct incorporation of graphene-based reinforcement fillers into cementitious composites for industrial production. The combination of graphene with conventional fibers to reinforce cement hence appears as a more promising pathway especially towards the commercialization of graphene for cementitious materials. In this review paper, a critical and synthetical overview on recent research findings of the implementation of graphene in fiber-reinforced cementitious composites was conducted. The preparation and characterization methods of hybrid graphene-fiber fillers are first introduced. Mechanical reinforcing mechanisms are subsequently summarized, highlighting the main contribution of nucleation effect, filling effect, interfacial bonding effect, and toughening effect. The review further presents in detail the enhancements of multifunctional properties of graphene-fiber reinforced cementitious composites, involving the interfacial properties, mechanical properties, durability, electrical conductivity, and electromagnetic interference shielding. The main challenges and future prospects are finally discussed to provide constructive ideas and guidance to assist with relevant studies in future.
Highlights
With the rapid development of economies and infrastructure construction, cementbased materials have become one of the most widely used building materials due to their wide availability, high durability, and relative low cost [1,2]
graphene oxide (GO) provides a higher dispersibility and compatibility in cement with the presence of various oxygen-containing functional groups, like hydroxyl, epoxide, carboxyl, and carbonyl groups [23,24]. These functional groups combined with high surface area of GO further facilitate the nucleation of calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) and allow for the formation of chemical bonding networks to enhance the mechanical strength of GO-reinforced cementitious composites (GRCC) [25,26,27]
We have provided a full account of the application of graphene-based materials in fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (FRCC), which represents a novel approach and an emerging area in advanced construction materials technology
Summary
With the rapid development of economies and infrastructure construction, cementbased materials (e.g., paste, mortar, and concrete) have become one of the most widely used building materials due to their wide availability, high durability, and relative low cost [1,2]. The intrinsically low toughness and tensile strength of cement have been found to be main causes of infrastructure failures and deterioration issues [3] To this end, substantial efforts have been directed towards improving the mechanical properties of the cementitious materials by incorporating the reinforcing fibers into composites. GO provides a higher dispersibility and compatibility in cement with the presence of various oxygen-containing functional groups, like hydroxyl, epoxide, carboxyl, and carbonyl groups [23,24] These functional groups combined with high surface area of GO further facilitate the nucleation of calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) and allow for the formation of chemical bonding networks to enhance the mechanical strength of GO-reinforced cementitious composites (GRCC) [25,26,27]. The review aims to provide a guideline for the potent design of smart cementitious composites for infrastructure application as well as the scope of future research
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