Application of GIS technology in the emergency monitoring of sudden air pollution accident

Abstract

Emergency Monitoring is a very important step in response to dealing with sudden air pollution accident; however, the traditional monitoring methods sometimes appear passive in practice, owing to the lack of techniques. Through analyzing the emergency monitoring process of sudden air pollution accident, this paper sums up its spatial problems which are difficult to handle by the traditional methods, and proposes a GIS-based technical solution to solve the spatial problems. Integrating GIS technology and air pollution diffusion mathematical models, this technical solution applies GIS spatial expression, query, analysis and other means into emergency monitoring process, so that the location of accident, the spatial query of environmental sensitive points, the definition of dangerous zones, the layout of monitoring points could be more scientific, rational and efficient. Based on the e-map to express spatial information, this GIS-based solution could locate the accident and query the environmental sensitive points nearby rapidly, and mark them highlighted on the map. It could also define the danger zone and the risk level through spatial discretization of the accident area firstly, and calculating the dynamic concentration of pollutants of the discrete points. According to the spatial layout of monitoring points, this solution applies charts and contour curves to express and process the on-site emergency monitoring data dynamically. It provides guidance for the disposal of sudden air pollution accident. The result shows that comparing with traditional methods, this research helps to respond sudden air pollution accident more rapidly for the emergency monitoring staff.