Abstract
How to prevent and treat auditory related diseases through genetic intervention is a hotspot in the field of hearing research in recent years. With the development of molecular biology, molecular genetics, genetic engineering, etc., especially, gene regulation has made a major breakthrough in the research of inner ear hair cell regeneration in recent years, which may provide us with a novel and efficient way to treat auditory related diseases. This review includes the latest research on gene therapy in hereditary deafness, drug deafness, aging-related hearing loss, and noise-related hearing loss.
Highlights
Hearing loss is the most common sensory deficit in humans
We have established a variety of mouse models of hearing loss induced by genes mutations to mimic some genetic mutations in human patients
Some progress has been made, most studies are still limited to cellular level or animal models
Summary
Hearing loss is the most common sensory deficit in humans. Approximately 466 million people worldwide suffer from deafness, and the number is expected to increase to nearly 1 billion by 2050 (http://www.who.int/ mediacentre/factsheets/fs300/en/). Yoshimura et al reported on the study of the adult mice deafness model of Tmc mutation They injected microRNA into the cochlea via the AAV vector and showed that RNAi-mediated gene silencing inhibited hearing loss and increased survival of inner hair cells (IHC) [26]. This result illustrates the feasibility of gene therapy in adult mouse models. The intervention methods for senile deafness are still mainly to improve hearing, such as wearing hearing aids, but in the future, gene therapy is expected to be an effective method for treating ARHL.
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