Application of friction–speed model to evaluate runway surface microtexture and macrotexture: a case study

Abstract

ABSTRACTRunway skid resistance should be evaluated and maintained periodically to sustain aircraft operation safety. This study focuses on evaluating runway skid resistance in terms of surface microtexture and macrotexture and determining how aircraft operations affect these characteristics. The friction–speed model developed by the Harmonisation of European Routine and Research Measuring Equipment for Skid Resistance of Roads and Runways–Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées was selected due to its consistent and rational results. The grip number values measured using a grip tester for 19 continuous months on 2 runways of the Taoyuan International Airport were analysed as a case study. Research outcomes showed that the microtexture of dense grade asphalt concrete was not considerably different from that of stone mastic asphalt concrete, but the latter exhibited markedly better macrotexture than the former. Aircraft landing operation significantly reduced skid resistance at the touchdown zone. In particular, macrotexture was decreased. However, aircraft behaviour at high-speed exits exerted more negative influences on microtexture than on macrotexture. Accordingly, designing a runway surface layer with improved macrotexture at the touchdown zone is recommended and special attention should be given to the microtexture evaluation of the area located immediately before a high-speed exit point.