Abstract
Genetically encoded optical biosensors become a tool of choice for quantitative studies on distribution and concentration changes of ions and metabolites in living cells. In systems biology, they are expected to provide multi-scale analysis in space and time for an advanced understanding of both normal and diseased physiological states. Here we develop and apply fluorescent biosensors based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) that are able to monitor directly or indirectly the cellular energy state. Such genetically encoded FRET sensors allow quantitative analysis of changes in adenylate pools or activation of signaling pathways triggered by such changes. This should yield new insight into the spatiotemporal organization of cellular energy metabolism.
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