Application of exosomal miRNA in early diagnosis and early screening of breast cancer

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. The key to the prognosis of breast cancer lies in early diagnosis and early treatment.At present, the early diagnosis of breast cancer mainly relies on imaging methods, and there has been a lack of clinical methods for early diagnosis of it.Exosome are small molecules selectively released from breast cancer cells to the peripheral circulation for a certain period of time. miRNA contained in them are short, non-coding regulatory RNA, which can bind to the 3′UTR region of target genes and regulate the post-transcriptional expression of target genes. Exogenous miRNA can affect the development of breast cancer, It can provide a variety of information indicating the presence of breast cancer cells, clinical staging, molecular typing and other information, which may be put into clinical application in the future as an ideal marker for the early diagnosis of breast cancer.This article reviews the research and application of exogenous miRNA in early diagnosis of breast cancer. Key words: Breast neoplasms; Early diagnosis; Exosomes; MicroRNAs