Abstract
Observations of ocean pollutants are usually spatiotemporally dispersive, while it is of great importance to obtain continuous distribution of ocean pollutants in a certain area. In this paper, a dynamically constrained interpolated methodology (DCIM) is proposed to interpolate surface nitrogen concentration (SNC) in the Bohai Sea. The DCIM takes the pollutant transport advection diffusion equation as a dynamic constraint to interpolate SNCs and optimizes the interpolation results with adjoint method. Feasibility and validity of the DCIM are testified by ideal twin experiments. In ideal experiments, mean absolute gross errors between interpolated observations and final interpolated SNCs are all no more than 0.03 mg/L, demonstrating that the DCIM can provide convincing results. In practical experiment, SNCs are interpolated and the final interpolated surface nitrogen distribution is acquired. Correlation coefficient between interpolated and observed SNCs is 0.77. In addition, distribution of the final interpolated SNCs shows a good agreement with the observed ones.
Highlights
The Bohai Sea is the largest and the only semiclosed inland sea in China, surrounded by land on its three sides
The severe deterioration in marine environment has badly affected the development of fishery and the Bohai Sea is gradually losing its function as a fishing ground [2]
The results indicated that the interpolated surface nitrogen concentration (SNC) were almost equal to the observed SNCs
Summary
The Bohai Sea is the largest and the only semiclosed inland sea in China, surrounded by land on its three sides. Li et al [13] simulated the temporal and spatial distribution of pollutants of the Bohai Sea in twin experiments with the adjoint assimilation method. Interpolation methods, such as the Kriging, Cressman, spline, and polynomial interpolations, are widely used in the numerical model to obtain an integrated field based on sparse observations. Wang et al [17] applied the Cressman interpolation method to calculate the monthly mean distribution of total nitrogen to study the initial filed of pollution in the Bohai Sea. Guo et al [18] introduced the surface spline interpolation to a two-dimensional tidal model and illustrated the feasibility and practicability of the method.
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