Abstract
Application of DNA Microarrays in Cytogenetics
Highlights
Investigator, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King
In order to further understand the numerical genome wide changes associated with a phenotype, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) technique evolved
Low level mosaicism is not unraveled by CGH technology owing to its working principle. These constraints were addressed in the form of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays to allow genotyping using thousands of SNPs on the entire genome
Summary
Investigator, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King. Cytogenetics deals with the study of the complete human genome arranged in the form of 46 chromosomes. Cytogenetics demanded better tools and technologies to look beyond superficial staining and coarse analysis of structural and numerical variations in the chromosomes that depend on our visual capabilities. The scope of this review deals with DNA microarray ( known as chromosome microarray=CMA) that is used to study structural and numerical variations in the human genome. As the physics of the solid surface on which these arrays are arranged progressed, we witnessed a parallel evolution in the ability to design probes that can give us an insight about the genomic structure and organization. We have seen the field of DNA microarrays grow at a phenomenal pace This resulted in our ability to interrogate human genome with increasingly higher resolution. Newer technologies in the form of single base sequencing ( generation or massively parallel sequencing) are pushing these boundaries further
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