Abstract
Diatoms are a large and diverse group of single-celled algae. Diatom-based indices are increasingly becoming important tools for assessment of environmental conditions in aquatic systems. Diatoms have long been lauded for their use as powerful and reliable environmental indicators. The objective of this paper is to review and explain the application of diatoms in environmental studies of river aquatic system. Review of Diatom Research in India and abroad shows that the diatom study and its applications are at nascent stage when compared to their utilization in Australia, Canada, United States and Brazil. The occurrences of Diatoms in surface waters especially in major rivers of the world are yet to be recorded. However, the review of Diatom Research provides considerable scope and applications in understanding and monitoring of environments. From the analysis of diatoms in surface waters of India, we conclude that the diatom studies can be best used in environmental assessments of water-quality of ecosystem.
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