Application of cyclophosphamide-induced tolerance in α1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout mice presensitized with Galα1-3Galβ-4-GlcNAc antigens

Abstract

Hyperacute rejection (HAR) mediated by the natural antibody (nAb) against Gal alpha 1-3Gal beta-4-GlcNAc (alpha Gal) is the major obstacle in xenogeneic organ transplantation. Previously, we reported the acceptance of donor heart grafts in anti-alpha Gal nAb-producing galactosyltransferase knockout (GalT KO) mice after cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced tolerance conditioning. In the present study, we applied our tolerance induction conditioning in presensitized recipient mice. GalT KO (alpha Gal(-/-), H-2(b/d)) recipient mice were presensitized with alpha Gal(+) rabbit red blood cells (RRBCs). Presensitized or nonsensitized recipient mice were treated with CP-induced tolerance conditioning, consisting of AKR (alpha Gal(+/+), H-2(k)) spleen cells (SC), CP, busulfan (BU), and AKR bone marrow cells (BMC). We assessed the survival of donor hearts and skin grafts and analyzed the production of anti-alpha Gal Abs by flow cytometry. Donor mixed chimerism was achieved in the presensitized GalT KO mice treated with CP-induced tolerance conditioning. In parallel with the disappearance of anti-alpha Gal Abs, permanent acceptance of donor heart grafts and skin grafts was observed in presensitized and GalT KO mice treated with CP-induced tolerance conditioning. Both B-cell and T-cell tolerance was achieved in the presence of a higher titer of anti-alpha Gal Abs after treatment with CP-induced tolerance conditioning.