Abstract
There is increasing pressure on aluminium smelters to reduce energy consumption in Hall-Heroult cells, for both cost and environmental considerations. A component of the cell voltage that is not well understood is the bubble-induced voltage drop at the anode, which has been estimated to be ~0.25 V. It is very difficult to measure the bubble resistance in an aluminium reduction cell - a variety of approaches have been attempted, with mixed success. We have recently developed a method, based on a current-pulse technique, that measures the dynamic ohmic equivalent series resistance (ESR) due to bubble evolution during an electrolysis reaction. The measurement can also be easily adapted to give the cell capacitance, which can give an assessment of the changes in anode surface area, e.g., anode bubble coverage. Application of these techniques to a lab-scale Hall-Heroult cell will be reported.
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