Abstract
To establish an online analytical method towards estrogenic pollutants, a covalent organic porous polymer (COP) was in-situ synthesized on the surface of basalt fibers (BFs) for in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME). The extraction tube, obtained via placing the modified BFs into a polyetheretherketone tube, was combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to achieve online IT-SPME-HPLC analysis. The important parameters, including sampling volume, sampling rate, organic solvent content and desorption time, were carefully investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the online analytical method was established for five estrogenic targets, with low limits of detection (0.001–0.005 μg/L), high enrichment factors (1800–2493), wide linear ranges (0.003–20, 0.015–20 μg/L) and satisfactory repeatability. It was successfully applied to detect five estrogens in a wastewater sample and a water sample in a polycarbonate cup. The BFs functionalized with COPs displayed excellent extraction effect for estrogenic pollutants, furthermore it has great potential in sample preparation or other fields.
Highlights
As one type of important organic pollutants, estrogenic compounds are associated with cancer, feminization, reproductive disorders and infertility [1,2]
The aminated basalt fibers (BFs) were washed in ethanol and water separately, and dried at 80 ◦ C in a vacuum oven. 0.47 g of melamine and 0.75 g of terephthalaldehyde were dissolved in 23 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, and the solution was transferred to a 100 mL
The chromatographic peaks on the covalent organic porous polymer (COP)-BFs tube are very obvious and even their heights are in the range of 100–250. These results proved that the extraction performance of the COPs-BFs tube was attributed from COPs coating
Summary
As one type of important organic pollutants, estrogenic compounds are associated with cancer, feminization, reproductive disorders and infertility [1,2]. It is very important to establish a sensitive and fast analytical method for trace estrogens in samples. Diversity of sample matrix and the trace level of targets, sample pretreatment has become an essential step during the analysis process. Some traditional methods, such as solid-phase extraction [7,8], stir bar sorptive extraction [9], liquid–liquid extraction [10,11,12,13], etc., have some disadvantages, like the consumption of a large volume of organic solvent, low extraction efficiency and poor sensitivity. For IT-SPME, the property of extraction materials directly affects the extraction performance and influences
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