Abstract
X-ray computed tomography (CT) is well-known and widely used in the medical sector for diagnosis of various illnesses. The technique is based on the absorption (i.e. attenuation) of the ionising electromagnetic radiation by the object. The amount of energy to be absorbed depends on the density and its thickness; the transmitted radiation through the object is then compared to the incident radiation that leads to a reconstruction of attenuation coefficients versus spatial position in the object. Thus, the resulting three-dimensional slices of the object are used (a) to identify internal geometric features of objects, and (b) to distinguish between media of different densities, i.e. liquid and air/vapour. In this study, the geometry extraction capability has been applied on time-averaged cavitation pocket shapes, as well as, the capability of density differentiation measurements on Diesel fuel flows. Results appear promising and pose a challenge in providing quantitative measurements of cavitation vapour fraction inside an injection hole.
Highlights
Fuel injection systems for modern direct-injection Diesel engines play a distinct and paramount role that is well recognised as a means of controlling their performance and meeting the ever more stringent emission regulations
When multiple projections are gathered at various angles, reconstruction of the single radiographies results in a 3-D representation of the shape of the object by means of absorption coefficients
The followed calibration and post-processing procedures are expected to provide results that are not affected from the spatial intensity variations of the source; an error analysis showed a relative error of ~1%
Summary
Fuel injection systems for modern direct-injection Diesel engines play a distinct and paramount role that is well recognised as a means of controlling their performance and meeting the ever more stringent emission regulations. The present study attempts to investigate the tendency in Diesel fuel to cavitate when enriched with the above type of additives.
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