Abstract
The medication administration process (MAP) is one of the most high-risk processes in health care. MAP workflow redesign can precipitate both unanticipated and unintended consequences that can lead to new medication safety risks and workflow inefficiencies. Thus, it is necessary to have a tool to evaluate the impact of redesign approaches in advance of their clinical implementation. This paper discusses the development of an agent-based MAP computer simulation model that can be used to assess the impact of MAP workflow redesign on MAP performance. The agent-based approach is adopted in order to capture Registered Nurse medication administration performance. The process of designing, developing, validating, and testing such a model is explained. Work is underway to collect MAP data in a hospital setting to provide more complex MAP observations to extend development of the model to better represent the complexity of MAP.
Highlights
Medication errors in the United States constitute a serious safety risk that result in approximately 7,000 deaths, harm to approximately 1.5 million people, and billions of dollars in hospital treatment costs annually [1,2,3,4]
650 Application of Computer Simulation Modeling to Medication Administration Process Redesign likelihood of cognitive slips and mistakes [6]. This is especially true for the medication administration process (MAP) that includes numerous disjointed tasks that must be accomplished while maintaining the overall quality and safety of patient care [7]
This paper focuses on modeling Registered Nurse (RN) MAP workflow
Summary
Medication errors in the United States constitute a serious safety risk that result in approximately 7,000 deaths, harm to approximately 1.5 million people, and billions of dollars in hospital treatment costs annually [1,2,3,4]. The majority of medication errors are precipitated by fragmented and highly complex medication management processes [5]. Cognition literature indicates that process fragmentation from frequent task switching increases the performer’s mental burden [6]. Frequent task switching often increases physical activities that can precipitate interruptions and result in a higher. 650 Application of Computer Simulation Modeling to Medication Administration Process Redesign likelihood of cognitive slips and mistakes [6]. This is especially true for the medication administration process (MAP) that includes numerous disjointed tasks that must be accomplished while maintaining the overall quality and safety of patient care [7]. Factors that contribute to MAP complexity include escalating patient acuity levels, numerous generic and trade medication names, expanded medication delivery routes, increased use of new and diverse medication safety technology, and increased medication orders [9]
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