Abstract
BackgroundSoil salinization and alkalinization are the main factors that affect the agricultural productivity. Evaluating the persistence of the compound material applied in field soils is an important part of the regulation of the responses of cotton to saline and alkaline stresses.ResultTo determine the molecular effects of compound material on the cotton’s responses to saline stress and alkaline stress, cotton was planted in the salinized soil (NaCl 8 g kg− 1) and alkalized soil (Na2CO3 8 g kg− 1) after application of the compound material, and ion content, physiological characteristics, and transcription of new cotton leaves at flowering and boll-forming stage were analyzed. The results showed that compared with saline stress, alkaline stress increased the contents of Na+, K+, SOD, and MDA in leaves. The application of the compound material reduced the content of Na+ but increased the K+/Na+ ratio, the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, and REC. Transcriptome analysis revealed that after the application of the compound material, the Na+/H+ exchanger gene in cotton leaves was down-regulated, while the K+ transporter, K+ channel, and POD genes were up-regulated. Besides, the down-regulation of genes related to lignin synthesis in phenylalanine biosynthesis pathway had a close relationship with the ion content and physiological characteristics in leaves. The quantitative analysis with PCR proved the reliability of the results of RNA sequencing.ConclusionThese findings suggest that the compound material alleviated saline stress and alkaline stress on cotton leaves by regulating candidate genes in key biological pathways, which improves our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the compound material regulating the responses of cotton to saline stress and alkaline stress.
Highlights
Soil salinization and alkalinization are the main factors that affect the agricultural productivity
These findings suggest that the compound material alleviated saline stress and alkaline stress on cotton leaves by regulating candidate genes in key biological pathways, which improves our understanding of the molecular mechanism of the compound material regulating the responses of cotton to saline stress and alkaline stress
For the P-J treatment, there was no significant difference in the K+ content; the Na+ content was decreased by 18.26% (P > 0.05), and the K+/Na+ ratio was increased by 37.11% (P < 0.05) compared with those for the CK-J treatment (Fig. 1a)
Summary
Soil salinization and alkalinization are the main factors that affect the agricultural productivity. Evaluating the persistence of the compound material applied in field soils is an important part of the regulation of the responses of cotton to saline and alkaline stresses. An et al BMC Plant Biology (2020) 20:462 of the effective ways to regulate the responses of crops to saline stress and alkaline stress [12, 13]. Chemical modification can be used to regulate the responses of crops to saline stress and alkaline stress through replacing Na+ in soil by applying inorganic salts (e.g. calcium, aluminum sulfate, ferrous sulfate, etc.), or organic compounds (e.g. lignosulfonate, polyacrylamide, etc.), reducing soil salinity and alkalinity, promoting plant growth, and improving crop quality. It is of great importance to study the effects of the application of exogenous materials on the responses of plants to saline stress and alkaline stress
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