Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites have gained much attention among researchers due to their excellent characteristics, such as high thermal resistivity and the ability to withstand higher electrical stress. Introducing nanoparticles into the polymer matrix can further improve the insulation characteristics. However, the effectiveness of polymer nanocomposite to suppress an electrical tree, enhancing the partial discharge, and increase the breakdown strength is still a question mark due to the agglomeration issue of nanoparticles, which causing the nanoparticle to be dispersed non-uniformly within the polymer matrix. Plasma treatment is one of the methods that potentially replace conventional modification techniques such as chemical functionalization and heat treatment to improve the dispersion of nanoparticles, nanocomposite bonding, and the compatibility between polymer-nanoparticle interfaces. By altering the surface of nanoparticles using cold plasma with a glow discharge mechanism, the surface morphology of nanoparticles can be modified in terms of chemical structure, which indirectly solves the nanoparticle agglomeration. This study presents a review on the application of cold plasma in surface modification to enhance insulation characteristics of polymers nanocomposite. Various polymer hosts combined with different untreated and plasma-treated nanofillers are also reviewed. The trends on nanomaterial surface modification using the cold plasma technique based on its operating pressure to improve the dielectric properties of polymers nanocomposite are also discussed accordingly.
Highlights
Multiple studies and research of polymer nanocomposites have been conducted among the researchers to obtain the most usable and high-quality insulation medium for high and medium voltage application.Polymer nanocomposites combines a polymer matrix and inclusions with at least one dimension such as length, width, or/and thickness in the nano-meter size range known as nanofillers [1]–[3]
This paper reports a review on the application of cold plasma treatment in nanofiller surface modification and the significant improvement of the insulation characteristics of polymer nanocomposite filled with plasma-treated nanoparticles
The results show that adding a small amount (1% by weight) of nano-silica particles in the epoxy resin can improve the treeing resistance by delaying the tree inception time and the time required by the tree to reach the opposite electrode [91]
Summary
Multiple studies and research of polymer nanocomposites have been conducted among the researchers to obtain the most usable and high-quality insulation medium for high and medium voltage application. D. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL COMPOSITION OF NANOFILLERS ON INSULATION CHARACTERISTICS The incorporation of nanoparticles into polymer matrices has been explored as a strategy to produce nanocomposite materials with the superior enhancement of electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. The nature of graphene with gas impermeability is why this type of carbon-based nanofiller has been chosen to improve the insulation properties of the polymer These properties are the primary consideration because graphene’s overall factors greatly enhance the mechanical, electrical, thermal, and gas barrier properties of polymer nanocomposites [57]. Based on the chemical behaviour of graphite oxide, it is non-conductive and naturally will swell and disperse in water due to the hydrophilicity characteristic of its morphology This carbon-based nanofiller seems to be modified by functionalizing the surface of graphene sheets with certain chemical functional groups to improve its dispersibility in polymers and organic solvents [57]. In nanoparticles of metallic alloys, the fragmentation of particles conductively may increase the surface area of the metal particles, and this the properties of polymeric materials gaining a comprehensive improvement after dispersing this type of nanoparticle into the matrix
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