Abstract
The combination of conventional and advanced water treatment is now widely used in drinking water treatment. However, membrane fouling is still the main obstacle to extend its application. In this study, the impact of the combination of coagulation and ultrafiltration (UF) membrane rotation on both fouling control and organic removal of macro (sodium alginate, SA) and micro organic matters (tannic acid, TA) was studied comprehensively to evaluate its applicability in drinking water treatment. The results indicated that membrane rotation could generate shear stress and vortex, thus effectively reducing membrane fouling of both SA and TA solutions, especially for macro SA organics. With additional coagulation, the membrane fouling could be further reduced through the aggregation of mediate and macro organic substances into flocs and elimination by membrane retention. For example, with the membrane rotation speed of 60 r/min, the permeate flux increased by 90% and the organic removal by 35% in SA solution, with 40 mg/L coagulant dosage, with an additional 70% increase of flux and 5% increment of organic removal to 80% obtained. However, too much shear stress could intensify the potential of fiber breakage at the potting, destroying the flocs and resulting in the reduction of permeate flux and deterioration of effluent quality. Finally, the combination of coagulation and membrane rotation would lead to the shaking of the cake layer, which is beneficial for fouling mitigation and prolongation of membrane filtration lifetime. This study provides useful information on applying the combined process of conventional coagulation and the hydrodynamic shear force for drinking water treatment, which can be further explored in the future.
Highlights
Ultrafiltration (UF) membranes are widely used in drinking water treatment [1,2,3] due to the advantages of easy operation and superior effluent quality with moderate energy consumption [4,5]
The combination of coagulation and membrane rotation was applied for the fouling control and organic removal of dissolved organic matter (DOM), including macro molecule organics, i.e., sodium alginate (SA), and micro molecule substances, i.e., tannic acid (TA)
The results indicated that the membrane rotation was very effective for fouling mitigation of both macro and micro molecules to prolong membrane filtration lifetime, while it had a high organic removal in SA solution than in TA solution through rejecting the large molecule organics
Summary
Ultrafiltration (UF) membranes are widely used in drinking water treatment [1,2,3] due to the advantages of easy operation and superior effluent quality with moderate energy consumption [4,5]. The vibration can be implemented through reciprocating or rotating the membranes Both operations have been applied in drinking water [18,19] and wastewater treatment [20,21,22], and significant membrane fouling was reduced. Coagulation is widely used in drinking water treatment to reduce UF membrane fouling and enhance organic removal [18,34]. The dosage amount is a very important parameter since insufficient coagulant dosage cannot aggregate the DOM to form flocs, while too many coagulants could make the colloid stable again and cannot induce effective precipitation resulting in a reduced organic removal. Two influent organic sub‐ stanceTshwe iotbhjetyctpivicealofmthacisrost(ui.dey., issotdoiuompearalgteinaatme,eSmAb)raannedrmotiactrioonmsoylsetceumlesco(ui.pe.l,etdanwniitch accoidag, TuAla)tiwonerfeoraDdoOpMtedre. mThoevaflluaxnpdemrfoemrmbarnancee afonudlitnhge coorngtarnoilc.sTrwemo ionvflaul eranttioosrgwanitihc dsuifb‐ebftvwTiesrsmxreootirAaprzaeneat,naneer)nnteetprcwhtaciienremanpersoeglodecfrscewtlroesoenoatfpuishotatctiseialhnredndselmwviogmdtpzbyepaeseresepsnrtoaptmeaeifcicncedungeeaabdeadr.dllrcdttsTcamhuoetsoohnheudraaaeeerielcgnnsdsemrmfluuvdowxbuleceopa(eehcsxmnriltor.opfietpteabgurh.hde,gerapraoroasduttrtflohense.looatddaeesBghrgnreimmeyuesenteufsmatcodoxdcewonrpruhodaepmclrseloehtifdagrbhnireogiareeiagnsletnnedtoatasxtde.gitthiadlenhwByetme,ehdeeteSdcihfefrcAnoorufeeoeoeearr)mscedfrgeiaoungtxudbncllgaialltonideonamsntmttwtihameewiciopeidnnsiliennreseccrreegidr–doeefhfo.mmayferrcegmieeneocnoupsmtsmovgulioialvablnpertttlehtcristreloreaueeydawnnnhl.mte,s–eMeiestiomnrefhr(soyeosmieer.iiwtermvneaebe.oegxi,trpbtivltpaohyortaenehna.nrrdrenet,Mnipeitempfimhdrfcoreoee,eroearrcnteflmfcetehotoaionsaed‐‐‐rcstl-, 2p. rMocaetderuiraelss wanedreMpreetsheondtesd first in the following
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