Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents are applied as a new type of sustainable solvents.The new generation of green solvents are considerable utilize to extraction of bioactive compounds due to their physicochemical properties and structure. In this study, the extraction process of phenolic compounds from rhubarb roots using of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method was investigated.Totally 8 different types of choline chloride- and L-proline-based deep eutectic solvents containing various H-bond donors/acceptors were synthesized.The extraction conditions for phenolic acids such as effect of different DESs,extraction temperature,water content in nades,ratio of solid to liquid and extraction time were studied.The optimal parameters were found to be extraction time of 30 min, temperature of 313.15 K, DES 30 wt % water and solid/liquid ratio of 1:20 led to significantly effect on the extraction of phenolic contents from plant material. The quantification and characterization of two biactive flavonoids in the extracts was analyzed via ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography (UPLC) with photodiode dedection.Compared with conventional extraction system, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) showed high extraction efficiency for both polar and less polar compounds. This study reveals,the developed DESs have significant as alternative new green dissolving agents in the extraction of phenolic compounds from plant resource due to their high solubilization ability and low toxicity.
Highlights
Friendly solvents have a new type of fluids known as deep eutectic solvents (DES).DESs were discovered in 2003 by abbott et al [1]
We mainly studied on the DES combination of natural compounds such as alcohols, sugar, amine, organic acid and choline chloride
Component mixture were prepared in deionized water and stirred at 60 °C till a transparent liquid obtained.After this time, natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) components were shaken again by a vortex for 1 min, and they were kept in a desiccator [20]
Summary
Friendly (or green) solvents have a new type of fluids known as deep eutectic solvents (DES).DESs were discovered in 2003 by abbott et al [1]. DESs and DES-based material are alternatives to traditional solvents which are often toxic, environmentally unfriendly,volatile poorly biodegraded and flammable [2].The new generation of liquids show many attractive physicochemical properties: low melting point, high solubility, biodegradable, nonvolatility, thermal stability and easy synthesized which can be composed of natural substances (e.g., salts, amino acids, organic acids and sugar, etc.) [3,4,5,6] These solvents are consist of two or more salts that are melting point of eutectic mixtures salts are much lower than its starting substances. The determination of flavonoid contents (quercetin and kaempferol) in this plant species was carried out utilizing high performace liquid chromatography-photodiode detection
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