Abstract
Castanea is a hardwood forest genus of considerable agro-economic importance for both timber and nut production. Chestnuts are one of the most significant nut crops in the temperate zone. However, this species is threatened by pollution, social factors, economical changes, and two major fungal diseases: ink disease (Phytophthora spp.), and chestnut blight canker (Cryphonectria parasitica). Similar to other wood species, chestnuts are difficult to propagate both generatively by seed and vegetatively by means of grafting or cuttings. Biotechnological methods such as in vitro culture have been developed in the last few years as an alternative to conventional vegetative propagation. Biotechnology plays a very important role not only in the propagation of selected individuals (being used at a commercial level), but also in its short-term preservation, and offers the possibility of preserving the propagated material in the medium-term (cold storage) or long-term using cryopreservation.
Highlights
The Fagaceae family is a large angiosperm family that consists of seven genera and around1000 species that are spread throughout the whole of the northern hemisphere, from tropical zones to the boreal regions
Stool bed layering has been used for the propagation of C. sativa, C. crenata, and C. dentata, but its success varies a lot depending on the clone, and is relatively expensive [14]
The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the works carried out in the micropropagation of the different species of the Castanea genus
Summary
The Fagaceae family is a large angiosperm family that consists of seven genera and around. The European chestnut (C. sativa) is widely distributed, and has an important economic role in Europe It is present in 25 countries, covering an area of around 2 million hectares, and is considered the only chestnut species native to Europe. In the USA, the ink disease caused by P. cinnamomi Rands has affected the American chestnut tree, and destroyed entire populations of chinkapin species [5]. The Asiatic chestnut populations have suffered losses due to repeated infections by chestnut gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yamumatsu), which is endemic to China, and naturalized in Korea and Japan This insect was introduced accidentally into the US and Europe, and caused significant damages in growing and fruit production [5]. Stool bed layering has been used for the propagation of C. sativa, C. crenata, and C. dentata, but its success varies a lot depending on the clone, and is relatively expensive [14]
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