Abstract
In the cooler regions of Europe, the success of winter pea cultivation depends strongly on proper plant development before winter. Previous research has suggested that plants need to develop short internodes and at least their first two leaves before the arrival of frost. However, this stage of growth is sometimes not reached in the event of late sowing, due to factors such as unpredictable weather conditions or the delayed harvest of a previous crop. An effective solution may be the application of plant growth regulators before the sowing of seeds. The aim of this study was to assess the seedling developmental characteristics of winter pea dependent on biostimulator applications in low temperature conditions (4°C). Seven different winter pea cultivars were treated with three biostimulants: Asahi SL, Kelpak SL, and Primus B. After 21 days of seedling development, basic biometrical characteristics were measured (length and weight of shoots and roots). It was found that ‘Enduro’ and ‘Aviron’ showed greatest root development, regardless of the applied biostimulants. The highest germination was achieved by ‘Aviron’. The efficiency of biostimulators on the cultivars tested was low, although slightly better results were found for Asahi SL in combination with ‘Enduro’ and ‘Aviron’.
Highlights
The winter pea is becoming a more and more popular variety of pea in countries of Western and Southern Europe such as France, Germany, the Czech Republic, and Italy, where unpredictable weather conditions impose limitations on yields, especially in the spring cultivars of legumes
In the light of the newest results, winter form of legumes have greater yield potential when compared to spring form, owing to the use of available rainfall water in the fall and spring periods
Annicchiarico and Iannucci [4] and Rapčan et al [5] have indicated that winter pea is able to achieve its greatest seed yield (4–5 t ha−1) and biomass yield (60 t ha−1), as compared to the spring form
Summary
The winter pea is becoming a more and more popular variety of pea in countries of Western and Southern Europe such as France, Germany, the Czech Republic, and Italy, where unpredictable weather conditions impose limitations on yields, especially in the spring cultivars of legumes. In the light of the newest results, winter form of legumes have greater yield potential when compared to spring form, owing to the use of available rainfall water in the fall and spring periods. Annicchiarico and Iannucci [4] and Rapčan et al [5] have indicated that winter pea is able to achieve its greatest seed yield (4–5 t ha−1) and biomass yield (60 t ha−1), as compared to the spring form. The winter form of the pea is characterized by its greater harvesting potential [reaching in postregistration variety testing (PDO) research about 4.15 t ha−1], and stability of yields from the spring forms, due to the scale of the vernalization process [6]. The success of winter pea can be explained by higher productivity, the success of plants productivity itself depends on agronomic
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