Abstract
The paper presents the results of the analysis of the use of amphibiontic organisms as bioindicators of the ecological environment, as model groups in ecological engineering. The solution to the conceptual problem of ecological engineering in the conservation of biological diversity is to take an inventory of natural, urbanized and agroecosystems. Among amphibiotic insects, the order Odonata stands out, with morphological plasticity, biological progress, adults and dragonfly larvae actively colonize aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems of various types. When moving to habitat in mountain biotopes, the linear body dimensions of dragonfly larvae of the species L. depressa L., S. meridionale Selys, C. puella L. decrease, which indicates unfavorable, contrastingly changing habitat conditions in mountain ecosystems. The taxonomic composition of dragonflies in lowland water bodies is represented by the suborders Anizoptera (7 species), Zygoptera (5 species), Caloptera (1 species). In the foothill water bodies - Anizoptera (5 species), Zygoptera (4 species), Caloptera (1 species), in mountain water - Anizoptera (4 species), Zygoptera (2 species). Most of the dragonfly taxa are characteristic of the plains and foothills with eutrophied biotopes characteristic of polysaprobic reservoirs with heavy pollution. In oligosaprobic biotopes, with little or no organic pollution in the water, dragonflies Ae. cyanea Müller and C. splendens Harris. The confinement of species to certain habitats, characterized in varying degrees of pollution by organic substances and their oxidation products, makes it possible to use dragonflies as bioindicators and organize background monitoring of ecosystems in the Central Caucasus.
Highlights
At present, the problem of preserving the species diversity of living organisms and the rational use of natural resources is quite acute
The paper presents the results of the analysis of the use of amphibiontic organisms as bioindicators of the ecological environment, as model groups in ecological engineering
As a system of scientific and engineering activities, environmental engineering solves the problems of ensuring environmental quality control measures for the environment of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, the distribution and preservation of habitats of various groups of living organisms, environmental monitoring and the long-term existence of all types of natural biotopes with their plant communities and animal populations
Summary
The problem of preserving the species diversity of living organisms and the rational use of natural resources is quite acute. In this regard, environmental engineering is designed to solve a number of environmental and biological problems to ensure the preservation of taxonomic diversity, to reduce various types of pollution on ecosystems. As a system of scientific and engineering activities, environmental engineering solves the problems of ensuring environmental quality control measures for the environment of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, the distribution and preservation of habitats of various groups of living organisms, environmental monitoring and the long-term existence of all types of natural biotopes with their plant communities and animal populations
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