Application of Biological Agents of Trichoderma and Aspergillus on Cayenne Chilli Plants in Endemic Land with Fusarium Wilt

Abstract

This study aims to determine the inhibitory power of the biological agent Trichoderma sp. Tc-Sb-11 and Aspergillus sp. As-Sb-15 in vitro against Fusarium oxysporum Fo-Sl-02 and the effect of its application by soil treatment and apical treatment on cayenne pepper grown on fusarium wilt endemic land. Inhibition research was carried out by placing each biological agent propagule in front of the pathogenic propagule in dual culture and measuring the percentage of inhibition against the pathogen. Experimental application of biological agents was carried out in Seloliman village (Trawas, Mojokerto) with each treatment applied by soil treatment and apical treatment and without application of biological agents (control). The variables observed were the percentage of disease incidence, flower growing time, fruit growing time, and fruit weight. All data were analyzed by ANOVA at the 5% level followed by a DMRT test to determine the difference in the effect of treatment. The results showed that the application of Trichoderma sp. and Aspergillus sp. in vitro inhibited the growth of F. oxysporum colonies 95.6 ± 0.8 and 30.7 ± 4.5%, respectively. Trichoderma which was applied by soil treatment could reduce the incidence of the highest disease up to 58.7%, accelerate the breeding age up to 4.93%, and accelerate fruit growth up to 5.21%. The application of Trichoderma and Aspergillus by apical treatment increased fruit weight per plant by 58.36 and 49.34%, respectively.