Abstract
This study provides an integrated modeling approach of free water system constructed wetlands by considering dispersed flow conditions of the wetlands, and contribution of suspended biomass in bulk liquid phase and biofilm biomass attached on various surfaces in removing the organic matters. Model parameters such as kinetic and dispersion characteristics, biofilm thickness, and density were obtained experimentally. A significant role of attached biomass was established. The model was validated with the data obtained from a pilot-scale plant and compared with other existing plug-flow models and found more applicable in wetland design.
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