Abstract
The application of betaine, a quaternary ammonium compound influenced the micropropagation in two commercially important UPASI (U-9 and U-10) cultivars of tea. Growth and multiplication of shoots of both the cultivars was enhanced significantly in the presence of 125–1,000 mg l−1 betaine with best response at 1,000 mg l−1 betaine. The shoots turned brown and died within 15 days when 1,500 mg l−1 betaine was applied. The study showed faster water/nutrient uptake in the presence of betaine. Higher assimilation of carbon and nitrogen in the presence of betaine was also indicated in biochemical analyses. Thus, a decrease in carbohydrates coupled with an increase in nitrate reductase activity was recorded. Moreover, faster differentiation of vascular elements and shoot thickness was observed in the shoots of U-9 and U-10 growing on medium containing 1,000 mg l−1 betaine. Nutrient uptake, assimilation and growth were significantly higher in U-10 as compared to U-9 shoots.
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