Abstract
Simple SummarySpinal cord injury is a medical and social issue causing severe disability. The potential to overcome the consequences of spinal cord injury is related to cell therapy. Peripheral blood is a prospective and available source of cells for further clinical use. In our study, we have evaluated the therapeutic potential of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) on the model of spinal cord injury in pigs. In the subacute period (6 weeks after injury), PBMCs enclosed in fibrin glue were applied into the dorsal area of the injured spinal cord. In this study, we observed that the tissue integrity increased in the area adjacent to the epicenter of injury, and conduction along spinal axons was partially restored after cell therapy in pigs.Peripheral blood presents an available source of cells for both fundamental research and clinical use. In our study, we have evaluated the therapeutic potential of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) excluding the preliminary sorting or mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells. We have evaluated the regenerative potential of PBMCs embedded into a fibrin matrix (FM) in a model of pig spinal cord injury. The distribution of transplanted PBMCs in the injured spinal cord was evaluated; PBMCs were shown to penetrate into the deep layers of the spinal cord and concentrate mainly in the grey matter. The results of the current study revealed an increase in the tissue integrity in the area adjacent to the epicenter of injury and the partially restored conduction along posterior columns of the spinal cord in animals after FM+PBMC application. The multiplex analysis of blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid showed the cytokine imbalance to occur without significantly shifting toward pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokine cascades.
Highlights
Introduction distributed under the terms andSpinal cord injury (SCI) is both a medical and social issue causing severe disability.Most post-traumatic tissue degeneration is caused by multiple secondary injuries involving several closely related processes such as a blood-brain barrier dysfunction, local inflammation, neuronal death, demyelination, and impaired neural pathways [1]
We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of the application of peripheral blood mononuclear cells embedded in fibrin matrix (FM) in a subacute period of SCI in pigs based on the injured spinal cord structural and functional recovery criteria
The findings indicate that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) can penetrate into the spinal cord and concentrate primarily in the grey matter
Summary
Introduction distributed under the terms andSpinal cord injury (SCI) is both a medical and social issue causing severe disability.Most post-traumatic tissue degeneration is caused by multiple secondary injuries involving several closely related processes such as a blood-brain barrier dysfunction, local inflammation, neuronal death, demyelination, and impaired neural pathways [1]. Spinal cord injury (SCI) is both a medical and social issue causing severe disability. There is a possibility to overcome the consequences of SCI by using cell therapy. For this purpose, both stem/progenitor cells and specialized cells (Schwann cells, olfactory epithelial cells, etc.) have been used [2,3,4]. Cells, which might be and minimally invasively isolated from the adult body for subsequent autotransplantation to a recipient, remain the most promising for clinical use. Peripheral blood is an attractive and available source for isolation, freezing, and storage for subsequent fundamental research and clinical use
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