Abstract
In the present study, the effect of a commercial extract of the seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum on in vitro micropropagation, shoot regeneration, and rhizoghenesis were studied in Nicotiana benthamiana and Prunus domestica. Results showed that the MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of the Ascophyllum extract (5, 10, 50, and 100 mg L−1) significantly enhanced the number of regenerated buds from N. benthamiana leaf discs to the conventional MS regenerating medium. Increases ranged from 3.5 to 6.5 times higher than the control. The effect of the Ascophyllum extract on N. benthamiana micropropagation was assessed through the measurement of some plant growth parameters. Results showed that the extract alone could not replace the micropropagation medium since shoot length, shoot diameter, root length, and leaf area were significantly reduced. However, its combination with a half-strength MS medium enhanced these parameters. Its effect was also evaluated on regeneration from plum hypocotyl slices. When added to the shoot regeneration medium without any plant growth regulators, the Ascophyllum extract alone could induce shoot regeneration. However, the percentage of bud regeneration and number of regenerated buds were lower than with the conventional shoot regeneration medium containing complete growth regulators. In contrast, the Ascophyllum extract drastically promoted rhizogenesis from plum hypocotyl slices. These results pave the way for the possible use of A. nodosum extracts in in vitro mass propagation of higher plants.
Highlights
Biostimulants are any substance, microorganism, or material, apart from nutrients and pesticides, that can positively affect plant growth [1]
* Asterisks denote significant difference with the control (MS/2) according to a Dunnett’s test (p < 0.05) among treatments for each parameter. These results show that AE alone is not sufficient to promote the growth of N. benthamiana plantlets in vitro, while its combination with Murashige and Skoog (MS)/2 slightly improved some growth parameters such as shoot or root length
This study was designed to verify if a commercial extract derived from A. nodosum could be valorized in the micropropagation and in vitro regeneration of higher plants using two model plants used routinely in our laboratory: the herbaceous plant N. benthamiana and the woody plant P. domestica
Summary
Biostimulants are any substance, microorganism, or material, apart from nutrients and pesticides, that can positively affect plant growth [1]. Their use has increased dramatically over the past decade [2] Among them are those derived from intertidal seaweed are widely used in the agriculture industry because of the presence of several groups of plant promoting substances and diverse substances known to positively affect stress signaling and provide beneficial effects on the growth parameters and biomass of different crops [3,4]. Extracts from Cystoseira myriophlloides, Fucus spiralis, and Laminaria digitata were effective in reducing Verticillium wilt and crown gall disease severity in tomato and wild fire disease in Nicotiana benthamiana [27,28] Because of their richness in macronutrients, micronutrients [3] and growth regulators [29,30], intertidal seaweed extracts have been used as additives for improving the tissue culture of higher plants. The present investigation was carried out to determine the effect of AE on the in vitro regeneration, rooting, and micropropagation of the herbaceous plant Nicotiana benthamiana and the woody plant Prunus domestica
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