Abstract
This paper demonstrates the application of a novel artificial hummingbirds’ algorithm (AHA) and fuzzy (F) based tilt-integral-derivative (F-TID) controller in a renewable energy source integrated multi-area power system for the first time. Also, the chest time constant of steam turbine are calculated based sliding pressure mode operation of the superheater and it has been found that the chest time constant of steam turbine depends on plant loading. The system dynamics with the proposed controller are compared to those of existing controllers such as proportional-integral-derivative (PID) and TID, and it is revealed that the system with proposed F-TID controller has better system dynamics. The comparison of system dynamic with F-TID considering grasshopper algorithm (GHA), bird swarm algorithm (BSA) and AHA yield that the system dynamic with AHA outperformed. Further, a Friedman test has been also performed to validate the proposed algorithm. The study on various loading of thermal unit considering sliding pressure mode of operation revealed that, when loading increases toward or above its rated value the system dynamic improves. The effects of dish-stirling-thermal-system (DSTS) and wind-turbine-system (WTS) integration on system performance are also analyzed, and it has been found that the integration of renewable energy sources supports in a generation and it shows approximately 6% improvement in frequency profile along with 8% improvement in tie-power responses. The comparative analysis of system dynamics with AC tie-line, conventional high voltage direct current (HVDC), and accurate model of HVDC link reveals the better dynamics performance of the latter. Furthermore, the robustness of proposed F-TID controller is evaluated by sensitivity analysis and it is inferred that the proposed controller provides stables responses under varied loading condition.
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