Abstract
The diameter of fibers is a critical factor in determining their final applications. When the diameter of aramid fibers changes from microns to nanoscale, its range of applications will be greatly extended. In this short review, the preparation of aramid nanofibers (ANFs) with diameters from ten nanometers to more than one hundred nanometers is introduced. Due to their excellent mechanical properties and their chemical and thermal stability, ANFs have been widely used as novel nanomaterials and composited with other materials, mainly for use in reinforced composites, energy storage, filtration and adsorption, biomedicine and electromagnetic fields. In this short review, the application of ANFs and their composites during the last 10 years is concisely summarized and a brief perspective on ANFs and their composites is also presented.
Highlights
Aramid fiber is a kind of aromatic polyamide fiber that possesses high temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and super mechanical properties
We briefly summarize the application of aramid nanofibers (ANFs) and their composites before discussing their existing problems and prospects
Excluding the merits of mechanical properties, the prepared ANF composites showed very good electrical conductivity, superior adsorption performance, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and many other exciting properties, implying that ANFs will have a bright prospect in the few years
Summary
Aramid fiber is a kind of aromatic polyamide fiber that possesses high temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and super mechanical properties. Reducing the diameter of aramid fibers to a nanoscale may bring some excellent new properties, and the nanofibers may work as fillers to blend with other materials and prepare functional composites. Yang’s group designed a top-down method with aramid fibers as the raw materials, dissolving them in dimethyl acetamide with LiCl to form an electrospinning solution, and obtained electrospun ANFs therefrom In this experiment, a high temperature was required, and the diameters of fibers were about. There were some drawbacks, such as low concentration, low efficiency and time consumption It is still a great challenge and of great importance to design new methods to obtain ANFs. ANFs possess a high specific surface area and high aspect ratio and have shown excellent mechanical and stability properties. In drawing attention to the current state of research, we hope to generate interest and stimulate further work on ANFs so that they can be put to use in our daily life
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