Abstract
Strategy is a comprehensive program for an action which defines the major directions of an organization and provides guidelines for resources allocation on the course to achieve the long-term goals of the organization. Choosing the right strategy is a complex and even risky task. This is because each strategy leads the organization to a specific competitive environment and determines how managers plan to match the strengths and weaknesses of an organization with the environmental opportunities and threats. SWOT analysis alone does not provide an analytical tool for recognizing the importance of identified factors and evaluating various strategic options based on the factors. For this reason, SWOT analysis has some deficiencies and shortcomings in the measurement and evaluation of the factors. Although the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) can overcome these deficiencies, when there is a lack of independency and dependency between factors, the approach loses its efficiency. This is due to the fact that AHP assumes the possibility of factors involved in an independent hierarchy of structure if this assumption cannot be accepted for examining the effects of the internal and external environment. Therefore, a tool to consider and assess the possible dependencies among the factors has been needed. In this paper, an algorithm is presented based on the network analysis process, which can work well even when there is a dependency between the SWOT factors. Then, the green space conditions in Tehran's district 19 are analyzed by SWOT analysis where this algorithm is considered as a real case.
Highlights
Strategic management is widely used today by most public and private organizations such as the municipality for the integrated and optimal management
The new and more efficient Analytic Network Process (ANP) tool in combination with SWOT, which will correct the defects of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), along with its application in the green space of Tehran region have been introduced
Considering the limitations given in AHP and the inability of this approach to take into account the relationships between the criteria and the factors, Saaty et al (1996) developed a different approach known as the Analytic Network Process (ANP)
Summary
Strategic management is widely used today by most public and private organizations such as the municipality for the integrated and optimal management. Since decision making is the main component in This area, regarding multiple considerations at the same time, the multi-criteria decision-making techniques (MCDM) have been widely used. SWOT analysis is one of the tools used in the strategy development phase to analyze internal and external strategic issues. This analysis examines the opportunities and threats of the environment and the weaknesses and strengths of the organization. It can be concluded that SWOT analysis alone cannot be used for the comprehensive assessment of the strategic decision-making process. The efforts made to improve SWOT, and most importantly, multi-criteria decision-making techniques have been used. The new and more efficient ANP tool in combination with SWOT, which will correct the defects of AHP, along with its application in the green space of Tehran region have been introduced
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